{"id":10178,"date":"2022-11-26T13:52:49","date_gmt":"2022-11-26T11:52:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/?p=10178"},"modified":"2023-02-22T20:40:07","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T18:40:07","slug":"imunine-sistema-ir-kaip-ji-veikia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/imunine-sistema-ir-kaip-ji-veikia\/","title":{"rendered":"Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma un k\u0101 t\u0101 darbojas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma ir \u0137erme\u0146a l\u012bdzeklis infekcijas nov\u0113r\u0161anai vai ierobe\u017eo\u0161anai. Bez t\u0101 organisms nesp\u0113tu iztur\u0113t bakt\u0113rijas, v\u012brusus, paraz\u012btus utt. uzbrukumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Im\u016bnsist\u0113mu veido pla\u0161s \u0161\u016bnu, org\u0101nu, olbaltumvielu un audu t\u012bkls vis\u0101 \u0137ermen\u012b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Piln\u012bb\u0101 funkcion\u0113jo\u0161a im\u016bnsist\u0113ma var at\u0161\u0137irt veselus audus no nev\u0113lam\u0101m viel\u0101m. Ja tas atkl\u0101j nev\u0113lamu vielu, tas izrais\u012bs im\u016bnreakciju, sare\u017e\u0123\u012btu uzbrukumu, lai aizsarg\u0101tu \u0137ermeni no iebruc\u0113jiem. Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma ar\u012b atpaz\u012bst un no\u0146em atmiru\u0161\u0101s un boj\u0101t\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ta\u010du im\u016bnsist\u0113ma ne vienm\u0113r izturas pareizi. Da\u017ereiz, piem\u0113ram, t\u0101 nevar efekt\u012bvi c\u012bn\u012bties, jo personai ir vesel\u012bbas trauc\u0113jumi vai vi\u0146am ir vajadz\u012bgas noteiktas z\u0101les, kas ietekm\u0113 sist\u0113mas darb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autoim\u016bno slim\u012bbu un aler\u0123iju gad\u012bjum\u0101 im\u016bnsist\u0113ma k\u013c\u016bdaini uztver veselus audus k\u0101 nevesel\u012bgus. \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 s\u0101kas nevajadz\u012bgs uzbrukums, kas izraisa ne\u0113rtus un da\u017ereiz b\u012bstamus simptomus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0113s apskat\u012bsim galven\u0101s im\u016bnsist\u0113mas iez\u012bmes un to, k\u0101 t\u0101s aizsarg\u0101 organismu no patog\u0113niem un citiem iebruc\u0113jiem. Apskat\u012bsim ar\u012b probl\u0113mas, kas var rasties ar im\u016bnsist\u0113mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma sast\u0101v no da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m da\u013c\u0101m, tostarp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>balt\u0101s asins \u0161\u016bnas (leikoc\u012bti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>liesa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kaulu smadzenes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>limf\u0101tisk\u0101 sist\u0113ma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>aizkr\u016bts dziedzeris<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mandeles, adeno\u012bdi <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Balt\u0101s asins \u0161\u016bnas cirkul\u0113 asin\u012bs un limf\u0101tiskajos traukos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Limf\u0101tisk\u0101 sist\u0113ma veido asinsvadiem l\u012bdz\u012bgu t\u012bklu. Asins viet\u0101 taj\u0101 ir viela, ko sauc par limfu. Limfa ir \u0161\u0137idrums, kas nog\u0101d\u0101 im\u016bnsist\u0113mas \u0161\u016bnas uz viet\u0101m, kur t\u0101s ir vajadz\u012bgas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Balt\u0101s asins \u0161\u016bnas past\u0101v\u012bgi mekl\u0113 patog\u0113nus. Kad vi\u0146i tos atrod, vi\u0146i s\u0101k vairoties un s\u016bta sign\u0101lus citiem \u0161\u016bnu tipiem, lai dar\u012btu to pa\u0161u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0136ermenis uzglab\u0101 balt\u0101s asins \u0161\u016bnas da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s viet\u0101s, ko sauc par limfo\u012bdiem org\u0101niem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tie ietver:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Aizkr\u016bts dziedzeris<\/strong>: dziedzeris aiz kr\u016b\u0161u kaula, kur nobriest balt\u0101s asins \u0161\u016bnas, kas paz\u012bstamas k\u0101 limfoc\u012bti<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Liesa:<\/strong> Org\u0101ns v\u0113dera aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101 kreisaj\u0101 st\u016br\u012b, kur pulc\u0113jas un darbojas im\u016bn\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kaulu smadzenes:<\/strong> M\u012bkstie audi kaulu centr\u0101, kas ra\u017eo sarkan\u0101s un balt\u0101s asins \u0161\u016bnas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Limfmezgli:<\/strong> Tie ir mazi, pupi\u0146u formas dziedzeri vis\u0101 \u0137ermen\u012b, \u012bpa\u0161i kakl\u0101, padus\u0113s, cirk\u0161\u0146os un v\u0113der\u0101. Tie savienojas caur limf\u0101tiskajiem asinsvadiem. Im\u016bn\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas pulc\u0113jas limfmezglos un rea\u0123\u0113, kad ir kl\u0101t antig\u0113ni. Tas var izrais\u012bt piet\u016bkumu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mandeles, adeno\u012bdi:<\/strong> Tas ir v\u0101rti patog\u0113nu iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anai organism\u0101, t\u0101p\u0113c ir ar\u012b limfo\u012bdie audi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K\u0101 darbojas im\u016bn\u0101 atbilde<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lai im\u016bnsist\u0113ma darbotos efekt\u012bvi, tai j\u0101sp\u0113j at\u0161\u0137irt veselas \u0161\u016bnas no nevesel\u012bg\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m un audiem. Tas tiek dar\u012bts, atpaz\u012bstot sign\u0101lus, ko sauc par DAMPS\u00a0\u2014 ar briesm\u0101m saist\u012btus molekul\u0101ros mode\u013cus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160\u016bnu boj\u0101jumiem var b\u016bt daudz iemeslu, tostarp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>infekcijas izrais\u012bt\u0101ji, piem\u0113ram, bakt\u0113rijas vai v\u012brusi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>toks\u012bni, piem\u0113ram, kodumi vai dz\u0113lieni<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>neinfekciozi fiziski boj\u0101jumi, piem\u0113ram, apdegumi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0123en\u0113tisko \u0161\u016bnu probl\u0113ma, k\u0101 tas notiek ar v\u0113zi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Antig\u0113ns ir jebkura viela, kas var izrais\u012bt im\u016bnreakciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vairum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu antig\u0113ns ir bakt\u0113rija, s\u0113ne, v\u012bruss, toks\u012bns vai sve\u0161\u0137ermenis. Bet t\u0101 var b\u016bt ar\u012b boj\u0101ta vai miru\u0161a \u0161\u016bna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma konstat\u0113 ar patog\u0113nu saist\u012btus molekul\u0101ros mode\u013cus \u2013 PAMP \u2013 antig\u0113n\u0101. T\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 da\u017e\u0101das sist\u0113mas da\u013cas atpaz\u012bst antig\u0113nu k\u0101 iebruc\u0113ju un s\u0101k uzbrukumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Balto asins \u0161\u016bnu veidi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fagoc\u012bti<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160\u012bs \u0161\u016bnas ieskauj uzticamo avotu un absorb\u0113 patog\u0113nus un sadala tos, efekt\u012bvi \u0113dot tos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ir vair\u0101ki veidi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Neitrof\u012bli<\/strong>: Tos sauc ar\u012b par granuloc\u012btiem un nodro\u0161ina agr\u012bnu reakciju uz iekaisumu. Vi\u0146i izn\u012bcina patog\u0113nus, bet t\u0101p\u0113c ar\u012b mirst.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Makrof\u0101gi<\/strong>: tie tiek not\u012br\u012bti p\u0113c atbildes. Tie no\u0146em patog\u0113nus, miru\u0161os neitrofilus un citus atkritumus.<br>Dendr\u012bta \u0161\u016bnas: Tas aktiviz\u0113 im\u016bnreakciju un pal\u012bdz absorb\u0113t mikrobus un citus iebruc\u0113jus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Monoc\u012bti<\/strong>: p\u0113c vajadz\u012bbas tie var diferenc\u0113ties dendr\u012btiskaj\u0101s \u0161\u016bn\u0101s un makrof\u0101gos.<br>Mast \u0161\u016bnas: t\u0101s izraisa im\u016bnreakciju, atkl\u0101jot antig\u0113nu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mastu \u0161\u016bnas<\/strong>: Sastopoties ar antig\u0113nu, tie izraisa im\u016bnreakciju.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Limfoc\u012bti<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Limfoc\u012bti pal\u012bdz organismam atcer\u0113ties iepriek\u0161\u0113jos iebruc\u0113jus un atpaz\u012bt tos, ja tie atgrie\u017eas uzbrukum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Limfoc\u012bti s\u0101k savu dz\u012bvi kaulu smadzen\u0113s. Da\u017ei paliek kaulu smadzen\u0113s un att\u012bst\u0101s par B limfoc\u012btiem (B \u0161\u016bn\u0101m); citi ce\u013co uz aizkr\u016bts dziedzeri un k\u013c\u016bst par T limfoc\u012btiem (T \u0161\u016bn\u0101m). \u0160iem diviem \u0161\u016bnu veidiem ir da\u017e\u0101das lomas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B limfoc\u012bti ra\u017eo antivielas un pal\u012bdz br\u012bdin\u0101t T limfoc\u012btus. T limfoc\u012bti izn\u012bcina boj\u0101t\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas organism\u0101 un dod sign\u0101lu leikoc\u012btiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dabisk\u0101s killer (NK) \u0161\u016bnas ir ar\u012b limfoc\u012bti. NK \u0161\u016bnas atpaz\u012bst un izn\u012bcina \u0161\u016bnas, kas satur v\u012brusu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>B limfoc\u012btu loma<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kad B limfoc\u012bti konstat\u0113 antig\u0113nu (antivielu \u0123eneratoru), tie s\u0101k izdal\u012bt antivielas. Antivielas ir \u012bpa\u0161as olbaltumvielas, kas saist\u0101s ar specifiskiem antig\u0113niem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Katra B \u0161\u016bna ra\u017eo vienu specifisku antivielu. Piem\u0113ram, viens var ra\u017eot antivielu pret bakt\u0113rij\u0101m, kas izraisa pneimoniju, bet cits var atpaz\u012bt saaukst\u0113\u0161an\u0101s v\u012brusu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antivielas ir da\u013ca no lielas \u0137\u012bmisko vielu grupas, ko sauc par im\u016bnglobul\u012bniem un kam ir daudz lomu im\u016bnreakcij\u0101:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Im\u016bnglobul\u012bns G (IgG) iez\u012bm\u0113 mikrobus, lai citas \u0161\u016bnas var\u0113tu atpaz\u012bt un c\u012bn\u012bties ar tiem<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IgM specializ\u0113jas bakt\u0113riju nogalin\u0101\u0161an\u0101<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IgA uzkr\u0101jas \u0161\u0137idrumos, piem\u0113ram, asar\u0101s un siekal\u0101s, kur tas aizsarg\u0101 v\u0101rtus uz \u0137ermeni<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IgE aizsarg\u0101 pret paraz\u012btiem un sp\u0113l\u0113 lomu aler\u0123iju gad\u012bjum\u0101<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IgD paliek saist\u012bts ar B limfoc\u012btiem, pal\u012bdzot tiem uzs\u0101kt im\u016bnreakciju<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Antivielas pie\u0137eras antig\u0113nam, bet nenogalina to \u2013 t\u0101s tikai iez\u012bm\u0113 n\u0101vi. Nogalin\u0101\u0161ana ir citu \u0161\u016bnu, piem\u0113ram, fagoc\u012btu, darbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T limfoc\u012btu loma<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ir da\u017e\u0101di T limfoc\u012btu vai T \u0161\u016bnu veidi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Helper T \u0161\u016bnas (Th \u0161\u016bnas) koordin\u0113 im\u016bnreakciju. Da\u017eas sazin\u0101s ar cit\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m, un da\u017eas stimul\u0113 B \u0161\u016bnas ra\u017eot vair\u0101k antivielu. Citi piesaista vair\u0101k T \u0161\u016bnu vai \u0161\u016bnas \u0113do\u0161u fagoc\u012btu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Killer T \u0161\u016bnas (citotoksiskie T limfoc\u012bti) uzbr\u016bk cit\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m. Tie ir \u012bpa\u0161i noder\u012bgi c\u012b\u0146\u0101 pret v\u012brusiem. Tie darbojas, atpaz\u012bstot nelielas v\u012brusa da\u013cas infic\u0113to \u0161\u016bnu \u0101rpus\u0113 un izn\u012bcinot infic\u0113t\u0101s \u0161\u016bnas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dabisko killer \u0161\u016bnu loma<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tie satur granulas ar sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101m \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101m viel\u0101m. Tie ir noder\u012bgi, lai uzbruktu daudzu veidu nev\u0113lam\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Asins anal\u012bz\u0113s m\u0113s bie\u017ei ieg\u016bstam rezult\u0101tus, kuriem ir noteiktas robe\u017eas. Bet, lai lab\u0101k izprastu asins anal\u012b\u017eu rezult\u0101tus, varat uzzin\u0101t:<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/kraujo-tyrimu-rezultatu-paaiskinimas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Asins anal\u012b\u017eu rezult\u0101tu skaidrojums<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Imunit\u0101te<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kopum\u0101 im\u016bnsist\u0113ma k\u013c\u016bst sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101ka, saskaroties ar da\u017e\u0101diem patog\u0113niem. L\u012bdz pieaugu\u0161a cilv\u0113ka vecumam liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca cilv\u0113ku ir biju\u0161i pak\u013cauti da\u017e\u0101diem patog\u0113niem un ir ieguvu\u0161i liel\u0101ku imunit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kad organisms ra\u017eo antivielu, tas saglab\u0101 kopiju, lai, kad atkal par\u0101d\u0101s tas pats antig\u0113ns, organisms var\u0113tu ar to \u0101tr\u0101k tikt gal\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Da\u017eas slim\u012bbas, piem\u0113ram, masalas, var b\u016bt nopietnas, ja t\u0101s rodas, t\u0101p\u0113c eksperti iesaka vakcin\u0113ties. Ja cilv\u0113kam ir masalu vakc\u012bna, maz ticams, ka vi\u0146\u0161 saslims ar \u0161o slim\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ja nevakcin\u0113ts cilv\u0113ks vienreiz saslimst ar masal\u0101m, ar\u012b atk\u0101rtoti ar to slimo reti. Abos gad\u012bjumos organisms uzglab\u0101 masalu antivielas. Antiviela ir gatava izn\u012bcin\u0101t v\u012brusu n\u0101kamaj\u0101 reiz\u0113, kad t\u0101 par\u0101d\u0101s. To sauc par imunit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cilv\u0113kiem ir tr\u012bs veidu imunit\u0101te:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Iedzimta<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Piel\u0101gojams<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pas\u012bvs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Iedzimta imunit\u0101te<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cilv\u0113ki piedzimst ar noteiktu imunit\u0101tes l\u012bmeni, kas uzbruks iebruc\u0113jiem no pirm\u0101s dienas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160\u012b iedzimt\u0101 imunit\u0101te ietver m\u016bsu \u0137erme\u0146a \u0101r\u0113j\u0101s barjeras \u2014 pirmo aizsardz\u012bbas l\u012bniju pret patog\u0113niem \u2014 piem\u0113ram, \u0101du un r\u012bkles un zarnu g\u013cot\u0101das.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160\u012b atbilde ir visp\u0101r\u012bga un nespecifiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ja patog\u0113niem izdodas apiet iedzimto im\u016bnsist\u0113mu, makrof\u0101gi tiem uzbruks. Makrof\u0101gi ra\u017eos ar\u012b vielas, ko sauc par citok\u012bniem, kas palielina iekaisuma reakciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Adapt\u012bv\u0101 (ieg\u016bt\u0101) imunit\u0101te<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cilv\u0113ka aizsardz\u012bba pret patog\u0113niem att\u012bst\u0101s dz\u012bves gait\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vakcin\u0101cijas un saskarsmes ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m slim\u012bb\u0101m rezult\u0101t\u0101 organisms ra\u017eo daudzas antivielas pret da\u017e\u0101diem patog\u0113niem. \u0100rsti da\u017ereiz to d\u0113v\u0113 par imunolo\u0123isko atmi\u0146u, jo im\u016bnsist\u0113ma atceras iepriek\u0161\u0113jos ienaidniekus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pas\u012bv\u0101 imunit\u0101te<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tas ir pagaidu imunit\u0101tes veids, ko ieg\u016bstat no citas personas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Piem\u0113ram, jaundzimu\u0161ais sa\u0146em antivielas no m\u0101tes caur placentu pirms dzim\u0161anas un m\u0101tes pienu p\u0113c piedzim\u0161anas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160\u012b pas\u012bv\u0101 imunit\u0101te pasarg\u0101 mazuli no da\u017e\u0101m infekcij\u0101m agr\u012bn\u0101 vecum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Vakc\u012bnas<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Imuniz\u0101cijas kaut k\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 izmaina \u0137ermeni, lai tas var\u0113tu efekt\u012bvi rea\u0123\u0113t uz da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m slim\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Visizplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101 metode ir antig\u0113nu vai nov\u0101jin\u0101tu patog\u0113nu ievad\u012b\u0161ana cilv\u0113k\u0101, lai cilv\u0113ks ra\u017eotu antivielas un nesaslimtu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0101 k\u0101 \u0137ermenis saglab\u0101 antivielu kopijas, tam ir aizsardz\u012bba, ja draudi atkal par\u0101d\u0101s v\u0113l\u0101k dz\u012bv\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0100rsti var ieteikt vakcin\u0101ciju pret:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>COVID 19<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gripa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Redheads<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poliomiel\u012bts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u0113jbakas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jostas roze<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Masalas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maz\u0101s c\u016bkas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mening\u012bts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hepat\u012bts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hib (B tipa Haemophilus influenzae)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Difterija<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stingumkrampji<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Citas slim\u012bbas, piem\u0113ram, dzeltenais drudzis un v\u0113dert\u012bfs, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no personas dz\u012bves vai ce\u013co\u0161anas vietas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Im\u016bn\u0101s sist\u0113mas trauc\u0113jumi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ir daudz veidu, k\u0101 im\u016bnsist\u0113ma var noiet greizi. Im\u016bn\u0101s sist\u0113mas trauc\u0113jumu veidus iedala tr\u012bs kategorij\u0101s:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Im\u016bndefic\u012bts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tas rodas, ja viena vai vair\u0101kas im\u016bnsist\u0113mas da\u013cas nedarbojas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Im\u016bndefic\u012btu var izrais\u012bt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>st\u0101voklis, ar kuru cilv\u0113ks piedzimis, paz\u012bstams k\u0101 prim\u0101rais im\u016bndefic\u012bts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>izmai\u0146as laika gait\u0101, piem\u0113ram, vecums<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>slim\u012bbas, kas ietekm\u0113 im\u016bnsist\u0113mu, piem\u0113ram, HIV, nepietiekams uzturs, aptauko\u0161an\u0101s vai liels alkohola pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>medic\u012bniska \u0101rst\u0113\u0161ana, piem\u0113ram, \u0137\u012bmijterapija, z\u0101les autoim\u016bna st\u0101vok\u013ca \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai vai z\u0101les, kas nov\u0113r\u0161 transplant\u0101ta atgr\u016b\u0161anu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160ie st\u0101vok\u013ci var palielin\u0101t cilv\u0113ka risku saslimt vai izjust smagus simptomus, k\u0101 liecina Covid-19 pand\u0113mija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Autoimunit\u0101te<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Autoim\u016bnos apst\u0101k\u013cos im\u016bnsist\u0113ma nepareizi rea\u0123\u0113 un v\u0113r\u0161as pret vesel\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m, nevis sliktaj\u0101m \u0161\u016bn\u0101m. Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma nevar at\u0161\u0137irt veselas un nevesel\u012bgas \u0161\u016bnas un audus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tas parasti notiek vien\u0101 \u0137erme\u0146a da\u013c\u0101, piem\u0113ram, aizku\u0146\u0123a dziedzer\u012b. Beta \u0161\u016bnu izn\u012bcin\u0101\u0161ana aizku\u0146\u0123a dziedzer\u012b noz\u012bm\u0113, ka organisms nevar ra\u017eot uzticamu insul\u012bna avotu. T\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 rodas 1. tipa cukura diab\u0113ts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Citas autoim\u016bnas slim\u012bbas ietver:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Celiakija<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reimato\u012bdais artr\u012bts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Graves slim\u012bba<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Paaugstin\u0101ta jut\u012bba<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Paaugstin\u0101tas jut\u012bbas gad\u012bjum\u0101 im\u016bnsist\u0113ma rea\u0123\u0113 p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgi vai neatbilsto\u0161i. Tas uzbr\u016bk ikdienas materi\u0101liem, piem\u0113ram, putek\u013ciem, it k\u0101 tie b\u016btu patog\u0113ni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tas notiek ar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>astma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u0101rtikas aler\u0123ijas un jut\u012bgums<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>atopisk\u0101 ekz\u0113ma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Smaga reakcija var izrais\u012bt anafilaktisku \u0161oku, kad organisms tik sp\u0113c\u012bgi rea\u0123\u0113 uz alerg\u0113nu, ka tas var apdraud\u0113t dz\u012bv\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bie\u017ei uzdotie jaut\u0101jumi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160eit ir da\u017eas atbildes uz jaut\u0101jumiem, ko cilv\u0113ki bie\u017ei uzdod par imunit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K\u0101 uzlabot imunit\u0101ti?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Padomi imunit\u0101tes stiprin\u0101\u0161anai:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kvalitat\u012bvs un daudzveid\u012bgs ikdienas uzturs, kas ietver svaigus aug\u013cus un d\u0101rze\u0146us.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ierobe\u017eot pievienoto s\u0101\u013cu, tauku, cukuru un alkohola uz\u0146em\u0161anu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>regul\u0101ri vingro<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u016bstiet pietiekami daudz un kvalitat\u012bvu miegu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>uztur\u0113t pareizu \u0137erme\u0146a svaru<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>izvair\u012bties no sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K\u0101di vitam\u012bni ir lab\u0101ki imunit\u0101tei<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Da\u017e\u0101di vitam\u012bni un miner\u0101lvielas (&quot;mikroelementi&quot; un &quot;makroelementi&quot;) ir b\u016btiski vesel\u012bgai im\u016bnsist\u0113mai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ir svar\u012bgi, lai b\u016btu augstas kvalit\u0101tes vitam\u012bni no uzticamiem ra\u017eot\u0101jiem. Speci\u0101listu ieteiktos vitam\u012bnus var atrast:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/p-zyma\/imunitetui\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Par imunit\u0101ti<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Vair\u0101k inform\u0101cijas var atrast \u0161eit <a href=\"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/imuninei-sistemai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Im\u016bnsist\u0113mai<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K\u0101di ir imunit\u0101tes veidi?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Iedzimt\u0101 imunit\u0101te, ar k\u0101du cilv\u0113ki piedzimst, ietver \u0101du, g\u013cot\u0101das un da\u017e\u0101das im\u016bnsist\u0113mas sast\u0101vda\u013cas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ieg\u016bt\u0101 imunit\u0101te rodas, saskaroties ar vakc\u012bn\u0101m un slim\u012bb\u0101m. Tas \u013cauj organismam ra\u017eot antig\u0113nus, kas var pal\u012bdz\u0113t c\u012bn\u012bties ar to pa\u0161u slim\u012bbu otrreiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pas\u012bv\u0101 imunit\u0101te ir aizsardz\u012bba, ko nodro\u0161ina cita persona, piem\u0113ram, kad jaundzimu\u0161ais mazulis ir \u012bslaic\u012bgi pasarg\u0101ts no noteikt\u0101m slim\u012bb\u0101m, jo vi\u0146a m\u0101tei ir imunit\u0101te.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0101p\u0113c imunit\u0101te ir svar\u012bga?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Imunit\u0101te aizsarg\u0101 organismu no bakt\u0113rij\u0101m, v\u012brusiem un citiem patog\u0113niem, kas var izrais\u012bt dz\u012bv\u012bbai b\u012bstamas slim\u012bbas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tas ir svar\u012bgi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma ir sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta sist\u0113ma, kas ir \u013coti svar\u012bga izdz\u012bvo\u0161anai. Kad \u0137ermenis sastopas ar kait\u012bgiem iebruc\u0113jiem, piem\u0113ram, v\u012brusu vai \u0161\u0137embu pirkst\u0101, tas s\u0101k uzbrukumu, lai izn\u012bcin\u0101tu patog\u0113nus.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/320101#summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cilv\u0113ki piedzimst ar noteiktiem imunit\u0101tes veidiem, ta\u010du saskare ar slim\u012bb\u0101m un vakcin\u0101cija var ar\u012b pal\u012bdz\u0113t stiprin\u0101t organisma aizsargsp\u0113jas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Da\u017eiem cilv\u0113kiem ir nov\u0101jin\u0101ta im\u016bnsist\u0113ma vesel\u012bbas probl\u0113mu vai medikamentu d\u0113\u013c. \u0100rsts var ieteikt, k\u0101 pasarg\u0101t cilv\u0113ka vesel\u012bbu, dz\u012bvojot ar nov\u0101jin\u0101tu im\u016bnsist\u0113mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Veidi, k\u0101 palielin\u0101t imunit\u0101ti, ir di\u0113tas un fizisk\u0101s aktivit\u0101tes izv\u0113le, izvair\u012b\u0161an\u0101s no alkohola un sm\u0113\u0137\u0113\u0161anas, k\u0101 ar\u012b pareiza vakcin\u0101cija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ir svar\u012bgi atcer\u0113ties<\/strong>ka katra vesel\u012bba ir individu\u0101la un visiem nav vienotas receptes!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0101tad, ja v\u0113laties uzzin\u0101t, k\u0101das uzturvielas j\u016bsu \u0137ermenim \u0161obr\u012bd var\u0113tu pietr\u016bkt, vesel\u012bbas speci\u0101listi iesaka ce\u013cvedi \u2013 &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/testas\/\"><strong>&quot;Tava diena&quot;<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Savlaic\u012bgi piev\u0113rsiet uzman\u012bbu sign\u0101liem, ko s\u016bta j\u016bsu labsaj\u016bta<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Papildiniet organismu ar dab\u012bg\u0101m miner\u0101lviel\u0101m, vitam\u012bniem un vesel\u012bbai nepiecie\u0161amaj\u0101m uzturviel\u0101m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Izbaudi ener\u0123iju un labu garast\u0101vokli ikdien\u0101!<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma ir \u0137erme\u0146a l\u012bdzeklis infekcijas nov\u0113r\u0161anai vai ierobe\u017eo\u0161anai. Bez t\u0101 organisms nesp\u0113tu iztur\u0113t bakt\u0113rijas, v\u012brusus, paraz\u012btus utt. uzbrukumiem. Im\u016bnsist\u0113ma sast\u0101v no pla\u0161a \u0161\u016bnu kl\u0101sta,\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10199,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nauda-sveikatai"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10178"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10178\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11338,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10178\/revisions\/11338"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/findvit.com\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}